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NewTowner

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  1. Hey NewTowner, have you guys thought about sending some stuff to the architects now that they have been selected? I was looking at some of there portfolio and wasn't very impressed. I REALLY like the grassroots effort and design.

    We may or may not have the opportunity to meet with the selected design firms. It would certainly be an honor to do so.

    Thank you very much for the kind words on our efforts!

  2. One persistent thought I have had is to extend 6th and 7th through the CC as huge bridge structures that would support the convention hall roof almost column free while allowing pedestrians to cross through the uppermost part of the hall, only clearing the floor as required. These bridge structures could also be used to support operable partitions that subdivide the hall into three smaller spaces.

    Many have argued that the submerged hall (and by submerged, I really mean "tucked," as the slope of the site means that our underground hall would have street-level frontage on 5th Avenue) would be best capped by bridge-like structural systems. This includes not only 6th and 7th Avenues, as you have very insightfully pointed out, but also the main plaza itself and all other "rooftop" (and street-level!) public spaces could be supported by steel truss systems. In effect, the entire Main Plaza above the Great Hall would be a modest bridge. It could be done, and in my opinion, it should be done. The slope of the site is just too perfectly accommodating.

    The Music City Center grassroots conceptual urban design study website, www.MCCproject.com, has been updated. It features a few new and updated renderings of the 3D design study model as well as a new section dedicated to architectural design precedents from around the world. Check it out!

  3. Thanks for the further clarification. I really appreciate all the work you and your colleagues have done to develop this design concept. I think it's great! It definitely is out the mold of other convention centers, and I think conventioneers and Nashvillians alike would really appreciate and like the change. It's a bold and forward looking concept that I certainly hope the City fathers take very seriously. The challenge of this project is to produce the best product possible for Nashville, and that means what will please both the convention industry and the people of Nashville the most. I think your concept certainly addresses both areas. I also like the concept of including private developers as well in the project. Doing this could allow the project to expand in scope and become a real destination for all and a centerpiece for Nashville. This is very exciting stuff and let me thank you for all you work on this.

    Thank you very much!

    We are all proud citizens of a wonderful town with a great future. Encouragement like yours keeps us going!

  4. Only real problem I see with the mccproject idea is the affect on the street grid. I would rather see 6th and 7th avenues remain unaffected, with buildings built around and over the top of them... just my opinion.

    There are plenty of good reasons to do exactly what you have said. While I think Nashville would be pleasantly surprised by the grandeur and liveliness of a solid pedestrian street or two, keeping the grid completely intact has the undeniable benefits of efficiency, functionality, and ease of navigation.

    The biggest hurdle one must leap over to accomplish such a thing is structural. It would be very difficult to make those streets support vehicular traffic without absolutely stuffing the Great Hall beneath them with columns.

    But, like I said--your criticism is totally valid.

  5. Hello, everyone! Big thanks to all the kind words and encouragement that has been poured out for this little conceptual design project. It makes the sweat and tears all worthwhile, regardless of what ultimately happens with this consensus-building exercise!

    More than where the hotel will go, where will the convention space be? Judging by the size of it, it will only have about 240,000sqf...

    Cliff and Smeagolsfree are right about the hotel. It will probably be across 5th behind the Country Music Hall of Fame...a different site altogether.

    The Main Hall alone is 380,000 SF. There is also loads and loads of additional square footage, in the above-ground MCC building along 5th, all dialed-in to the specific needs articulated by the Music City Center Coalition. This includes allowances for meeting rooms, ballrooms, a theater, circulation systems, etc. In short, we have included all the necessary floor space for this facility--and just in case we need more, we also built some contingency space into the scheme. For example, the mixed-use buildings between pedestrian 6th and 7th could have their upper floors given over to the MCC, and they could be connected to the main MCC building via well-designed bridges over 6th Avenue. Those bridges could be great if they are sufficiently lovely, as they could create little Gateways for pedestrians beneath, heightening the sense of "compression" as they enter the site, only to have the Main Plaza "explode" more forcefully as a grand, well-defined open space.

    Somebody here mentioned that the public may balk at the idea of Metro Government developing mixed-use residential/office/retail buildings. I could not agree more. Those buildings should be sold to private developers to help offset the cost of building the Convention Center. The master plan and architectural guidelines would keep everything cohesive, but diversified ownership will help this project negotiate the fraught waters of public land development and public/private partnership. It must be a fair and democratic project, or it won't be worthy of the name Music City Center.

  6. Maybe I've developed a phobia of really really tall buildings. I had lunch with a friend in the World Trade Centers exactly two weeks before they were attacked. Thank God I didn't work down there. At any rate, I hope you guys get the Signature Tower, but I don't think I'll ever step foot in it.

    You have a legitimate point, and no one should poo-poo it. High-rise buildings make mockeries out of fire safety codes, and every fireman knows it. How it is that we can require standard emergency exit signs and multiple exits in every public building, but yet permit people to be marooned 600 feet in the air where no ladder could ever reach them, is a testiment to the public's inability to apply critical thought to their surroundings. Very few people would be willing to work 600 feet undergorund, beneath tons and tons of rock and soil--yet this would actually be considerably safer.

  7. That is interesting about negative versus positive, on www.skyscraperpage there was a thread asking where the Nashville forumers were since only 2 people from this forum post there. The answer was not a positive one, but it was inferred that our skins were to thin for any criticism of our projects and we were to critical of other cities. I personally found SSP and SSC very critical of Nashville. Nashville Charrette is good, but again one is greatly criticized if one's opinion differs from the moderators or the administrators of the site. If one does not have an architectural theory degree from Harvard, they don't want you there. This forum is very positive compared to other sites. I find this site to be the most diverse compared to sites that focus on skyscrapers only. (On Nashville Charrette skyscrapers are hated and a taboo subject.) Thansk Metro M and Neo for a site covering ALL issues pertaining to the built environment, and not just one or the other.

    Actually, the main administrator over at the Nashville Charrette has taken great pains to point out some nice things about the so-called Vancouver Model, which is a disciplined approach to urban design that holds the humane and intelligent deployment of skyscrapers as its defining feature.

    Also, I don't know a single person with a Theory degree from Harvard. Most of the people I know with theory degrees pulled them out of Berkley or Princeton. None of them post on the Nashville Charrette.

    What-evuh!

  8. As to the balloon gimmick I'm still laughing that I called that in last night's post. If the condo thing doesn't work out I think Tony could have a bright future in the car business.

    I called it first! I get the cookie!

    Only, my post mysteriously disappeared!

  9. Does anyone have a picture of the Washington Building on Capitol Square?

    I have just read about it, and am dying to see a photograph...I would give a special wish and a super nice thought to anyone who could take and post a really good photograph of this awesome building.

  10. But since this is a Siggy thread, I live out in the next area to become suburbs. If the choice is to have Mc Mansions all around me or live DT, I'll take ST anyday.

    This isn't the choice. Consider Tuscany.

  11. You could have said every bit of that in three sentences? I do think you made some decent points but overall you could take the same reasoning points and apply them to many of mankinds achievements such as going to the moon. After all, going to the moon was out of both curiosity and pride to some degree. While it may seem a waste of money, many technological and medical breakthroughs were brought about by the space race. Yes lives have been saved due to our relentless attempt at greater achievements. The same can go for highrise buildings. I am sure many architectural achievements continue to produce technology related to construction as in newer and stronger materials, etc. This same technology may be used for safer bridges, stronger buildings, etc.

    But I for one don't believe having a pride filled skyscraper is any more a sin than having the biggest home on the block or the nicest car. Even if it is pure vanity, that doesn't mean an engaging street level has to be mutually exclusive from a very proud and robust highrise.

    Anyway your opinion and I'm sure others share it.

    You misread my statement. I have no problem with achievement, and certainly no problem with great achievement--where we actually disagree is whether technological exhibitionism for its own sake can count as achievement. I would not harken the building of a giant skyscraper with going to the Moon, because architecture is art and space exploration is not...the fact that you compared them suggests to me that when you see a skyscraper, you do not see art--you see a technological feat...like going to the Moon. Architecture which is nothing more than techno-showmanship is failed architecture, because artform has a different calling than a Junior Scientist Chemistry Set. Buildings have to be Strong, Useful, and Beautiful...technology is or should be a tool that assists us in our great struggle to achieve these high objectives, not a stand-in for them, not an end in itself.

    I guess I
  12. Wow! So much juicy action goes down in the Signature Tower thread, it is hard to stay relevant and engaged. The subjects change almost as quickly as the gauntlets get thrown down! Please indulge me a wee mite as I try to scoop up and present a few scattered and fading thoughts...

    I posted a li'l thing a few days ago in which I announced my opinion that skyscrapers were cheezy, and in fact, "butt-redneck." Barakat responds:

    Is the Empire State building "cheesy" or "butt-redneck," and if so, how? It's taller than the proposed Signature and I'd use neither term to describe either building, regarless of location or use. Of all the words you could use to generalize a building type, I would think "ostentatious" might be more appropriate for a skyscraper.

    I definitely think that skyscrapers are ostentatious...but this does not preclude their being cheezy. Goodness Knows that there is a lot of cheezy and ostentatious butt-redneck business in this world of ours. I will try to clarify and justify my opinion below:

    It seems to me that the erection and celebration of really tall buildings, particularly when done simply for the sake of tallness, is nothing more than an episode of technological exhibitionism of the sort commonly performed by intellectual adolescents (i.e., rednecks) who feel they must prove their cultural relevance to a supposedly interested and arguably superior world. You know how ten-year-olds scream for their mother's attention just before performing a sassy stunt on the diving board, or a broomstick pole-vault in the backyard? Just like the Civilized World--a world that is forced by popular media to observe a second-rate culture erect giant toys--Mother isn't all that impressed, and is, in fact, somewhat amused. Unlike the civilized world, Mother has a natural affection for her children that will survive the tedium of doofus mania for all things loud and big and totally obnoxious. Nashville's international reputation will not, as is commonly asserted on this board, get an action-packed shot in the arm by the Signature Tower. If anyone cares at all, and most people won't, their brief curiosity (which will not be directed as to "what," by the way, as much as to "why") will be satisfied by the rabidly tired and predictable gibberish we spill out about being a "progressive city" that "builds for the future" and "reaches for the sky," etc. Anyone who imagines that a kid in Rome or a resident of Stockholm would be impressed by a really tall skyscraper in a city which is otherwise sprawled out and boring--let alone trade their gorgeous squares and intimate boulevards for a giant building they can't even properly see from the sidewalk--is misinformed in general. For you see, Mother is not impressed by Ninja kicks or awesome high scores on the latest Grand Theft Auto regurgitation. No, she is impressed by virtuous behaviour, by a love of learning, by scholastic and artistic accomplishment of real merit, by kindness and honesty and a love of Beauty. Architecture can be big, and it can be great, and it can be both--but one is not the other. We kid ourselves, my friends.

    The construction of cheezy, ostentatious skyscrapers also strikes me as butt-redneck because it reveals an assumption that has been commonly held by provincial yokels throughout the course of human history. It goes a little something like this: great peoples use high technology, therefore high technology makes a people great, therefore our display of high technology will convince great people that we are also a great people. Nonsense. We are much more likely to embarass ourselves, bragging about a huge toy worthy of gaping stares while other people produce painstaking art worthy of affection and respect, but the catch of ignorance is that we won't even know it. When Mr. Silvetti shows more interest in the Schermerhorn than he does in the Viridian, many Nashvillians might shrug and think him quaint and Olde Worldy. No, my brethren and sistren, the man is just a grown-up.

    To answer your question: Yes. The Empire State Building was part of a big public-relations stunt, a massive fad, a giant barking contest in which headlines were the objective, not real virtue or achievement of any but the most mundane sort. The aesthetic success of the building has nothing to do with its massive size, and everything to do with its materials, internal proportions, and its picturesque power as a popular icon. There are better buildings in New York and elsewhere. The thing was built to a scale only King Kong could really relate to, and it is nice that he got a chance to prove it.

    The whole affair seems to me a bunch of childish, sqawking exhibitionism enacted without concern for beauty or decorum, in an attempt to solicit the attention of either a rich man or a better man...

    Look, ma! No hands! Structural novelty for its own sake!

    ...Also there are no walls in New York City that keeps people from moving to the surrounding areas [and force buildings to go tall].

    Yes there are--and they are called the "Hudson River," the "East River," the "Harlem River," and a really huge wall called the "Atlantic Ocean." Some people consider the New Jersey state line to be an impenetrable wall. I would include Wall Street, but the wall was actually torn down some time ago, and the hotdogs are better at Columbus Circle.

    So I guess I pose the next obvious question. Who is to say what is too tall for a given city? And iIf you assign some tallness value and a set of skyscraper ettiquette rules, how do you go about it? Do you base the tallness rule on the next highest building alone? Do you base it on the average height of the top ten? Do you include population into the equation? Do you include the use of the building as in hotel, mixed use, residential, office, observation and then combine all that with whether the public has access?

    How does one judge the appropriateness of building height, you ask? Simple! Remember that architecture is separate from sculpture because it the "Stage of Human Events," not an assortment of objects fashioned for their own sake. The stage must serve the actors. By considering a building's usefulness and decorous delight to the human body and the human eye, we find a practical set of criteria for architectural success. For example, can a human being relate to the building, inside and out? Can a human see it properly, and enjoy its contributions to the public realm? Can a person escape it reasonably quickly in a fire or some other kind of disaster (these happen)? Can one open the windows on a bankin' Spring day? Can people enjoy the feeling they get from looking at it from, say, less than three miles away? All of this is called...dum-ta-tum...the Human Scale. It rules. It has a great track record. We should try it sometime.

  13. Letting the marketplace completely decide where and how people will live has led to the the endless sprawl that we see now these days. Sprawl that is unsustainable and that most people agree on this forum is not a good situation.

    Sprawl was not created solely by the marketplace...it was heavily subsidized by local, state, and federal governments at every level, and was administered from above by regulatory agencies who came to believe that the The Athens Charter and other assorted Modernist dogma was the key to the creation of cities of futuristic mechanical glory.

    I know that's a side note, Metro.M, but I had to throw it in there. So many sprawl apologists argue that capitalism and freedom bore the automobile suburbs into this world...when in actuality, pure capitalism and freedom would have kept the government out of the business of financially advocating Modernist town planning principles and we would not have been able to erect sprawl at anything like the scale we have it today. Sprawl is a socialized enterprise. What private developer would build their own road to nowhere--and maintain it over time--just to open up thousands of acres of land they don't own to purely car-oriented development?

    I don't like skyscrapers. I think they are cheezy, butt-redneck, and unhealthily out of scale with the human being. The Signature Tower, however...for an obese blubber-mouth of a phallic middle finger...gets a lot of things right. It is embellished, it has ground-level retail, the parking is underground and/or masked (just like other ugly things, like sewage pipes), it will be built with decent materials (unlike the paper-mach

  14. I think that any urban environment, but especially one in a city such as Nashville, would be much better served by a set of buildings that are less than 20 stories and that would be cost available to a wider range of people so that a real city is built and not just an enclave for the McMansion escapee set. Sure it doesn't have the bragging rights of a supertall, but you know, that is one sentence for most people and then it is irrelevant. If you look at the desirable parts of cities vs the uninteresting parts, they are almost always in the parts where low rise buildings have been built on zero lot line at grade access where there that is ringed by retail on the ground floor. Skyscrapers almost always fail at these simple concepts because the architects are more interested in building a monument instead of an intimate place and we end up with a plaza, a lobby and usually some kind of water feature at ground level. Pretty I guess, but dead from a people perspective.

    This analysis of high-rise urban design tendencies is well-informed and dead-on.

  15. I think that the new approach to Signature's dependency is both fascinating and commendable. I would love to get a good, solid, hard look at some elevations...but so far, I am thoroughly impressed by what appears to be a genuinely well-informed classical design, scheduled on a remarkably in-tune human scale, and both proportioned and detailed in dignity and class. Way to go, Giarratana!

    It is interesting to me, to watch the "tower" portion of the Signature reinforce its commitment to Art Deco (the skyscraper's second-best era, in my opinion), even while striving for horizontality on the lowest portions...stick Ando under a Fedora. Meanwhile, the mid-rise ancillary structure has gone break-neck classical, using timeless language and durable materials to create a structure that has never been seen before...I could write a fairly healthy essay about the significance and potential meaning of all this. While I am suspicious of one or two things, I have to say I am pleasantly surprised by what I can only describe as competence and good taste.

    Giarratana certianly pulls out better work when he is not shackled to Novare

  16. I know this is a touchy subject but the World Trade Center was not, for say a work of art. But they were recognized all over the world for their height and they were the Icon symbol for New York City.

    Nashville is growing and redefineing itself and wants its own Icon for the city. Signature Tower will capture that element. :)

    I don't think it will...and New York had many superior and better-loved "symbols" than the almost universally hated World Trade Center--take the Empire State Building, Times Square, Rockefeller Center, the Chrysler Building, and the Statue of Liberty as examples.

    While there are a few things I do indeed like about the Signature Tower, I don't think it will be beautiful enough--or representational enough--to become Nashville's premier iconic symbol. We have a couple of contenders already (Ryman, Parthenon, etc.), but we will likely have to wait many years more before a true masterpiece graces our town.

    I know a couple of people here will disagree with the following statement, but I have to say it: height does not equate greatness--nor largeness, beauty.

  17. lol you deleted the posts of everyone who dissented against you? nice. I mean, you shouldn't get hastled for your opinion if infact your opinion is legit and not just whiny biased bs that all of us has seen before from others...but you really need to go and delete their posts?

    ...

    Leave the fellow alone. I suspect, due to previous experience, that he has only deleted posts that were unreasonable or ridiculous. If you look back over the past few pages of Signature Tower thread, you will find plenty of dissenting "opinions", undeleted in all of their glory, and probably some pretty nasty ones, too.

    I don't know why everybody has to get so angry at Metro.M's thoughts and feelings on the subject of the Signature Tower. No amount of online cheerleading will erect the thing, and no amount of online skepticism will kill it if the buying is good. So lighten up, keep the Bill of Rights in mind, and try to have a more intact sense of humor.

    The Signature Tower might get built, and it might not...speculation and debate about the maybes and whatfors is fun until people start getting mean and petty. Where's the fun in assembling a fanboi consensus and then quashing all dissent? Let's keep the party going, have a little less crying and hollering, and little more laughing and conversing...

  18. I was taking it to an extreme. My point is the city will offer incentives or whatever it needs to in order to prevent having a whole bunch of egg on its face.

    I don't think a Signature collapse will amount to egg on anybody's face but Mr. Giarratana's.

  19. Can you say exactly what part of the design that is being refined and "tweaked" ? Will it be anything drastic or just little details? Just curious.

    What I have been told is that the addition of a boutique hotel has necessitated a few shifts in the building's lower portion, likely mostly in the interior. Other than that, I am sure there are some continual little tweaks, a lot of little pushes and pulls all over the thing, probably some work on the pool, but mostly just a lot of work on the main interior spaces of the ground floor.

    But that's just what I'm told. I'm not working on it myself. Gaushell probably has more intimate information, but he might be able to talk too much about it.

  20. NT ever read Jean Baudrillard? Check out what he said about what Disneyland says about people in this under the heading hyperreal and imaginary.

    http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/Baudrilla..._Simulacra.html

    Interesting stuff...it will probably keep me awake tonight. Disneyland is a tough one, on many levels. One of the most puzzling and challenging moments in my Architectural Theory course at the Savannah College of Art and Design struck when the Professor (a genius, by the way) showed us all a slide of Main Street USA at Disneyland and asked us, "Is this a street"? Of course, everyone was standing on their chairs and hollering "No! No it's not! It's fake!!"...especially the European "contemporary architecture" students. He asked us why it was not a street, and he made us really fall all over ourselves trying to explain our indignant logic--and even just defining what a street is in the first place turns out to be harder than one might think. In the end, the best we could do was argue that the thing was private instead of public--but streets are not all public, so we had to concede that the blasted thing was, in fact, a real street, but hampered by its privateness. Next, we were forced agianst our wills to concede that roddy Main Street USA in Disneyland was actually part of a real neighborhood. It drove me crazy, and it still does, but I can't see a way out of it. There are a lot of real public and private streets in the world where nobody sleeps at night...apparently, Main Street USA in bloody Disneyland is one of them. Curses!

    So, in this sense, Baudrillard's essay was particularly interesting to me--the pedestrian-oriented, human-scaled, traditional, and consciously useful/enduring/lovely streets of Disneyland are, in effect, more "real" than the superhighways of Los Angeles which can only be experienced from inside a machine, and at high speeds (hopefully). Los Angeles, as Baudrillard points out, is nearly nothing more than "circulation" space with no "depth or dimension"--unless you are inside a private building, you are merely in transition. Los Angeles is an ethereal medium for traveling through, like outer space, not a real place for being. Disneyland is different. You go to Disneyland and pay good money just to walk around. Ironic, isn't it?

    Thanks for the link. I really tried to tie this into the Signature Tower thread, so that we wouldn't be ticketed for going off-topic, but I couldn't figure it out. Wait! No...wait, maybe...no...I give up. Well, er, the Signature Tower, actually, is like DuckTales' version of Scrooge McDuck's giant money silo, where he would bathe in coin and tender. Disney drew tall banks, except instead of money, the Signature will have people, and it will actually have a lively ground floor and some interesting embellishment on top. It's really not bad, as high-rises go, and it certainly kicks the tar out of that moronic "The Crown." Eh, eh? Did I do it? I think the Signature will not be a disaster, and it will inspire affection (if only from a great distance) in the same way that the Terrazzo will inspire nicotine headaches.

  21. I hope Nashville doesn't become a city like Atlanta. I think Atlanta is a great city, but Nashville has the potential of becoming a better city if they take baby steps and learn from cities like Atlanta, Houston, and Dallas. Learn from their mistakes and learn from their accomplishments and I believe Nashville will be much better off in the long run. Nashville should be patient in their decision making and not try to do too much at one time.

    There is wisdom up there. Patience is a hard virtue--particularly when amazing new projects get announced and the possibility of Nashville becoming a vibrant, thriving, beautiful city seems nearly imminent. We should go for broke, and acquire the skills and wisdom that are needed to help accelerate and facilitate all of this new urban energy in a meaningful way--but we shouldn't throw ourselves at every project, just because it seems like another "step forward". Remember--walking can be a lot better than lying down, but it isn't good or wise to move just for movement's sake--walking in the right direction is critical. Walking forward, but off a cliff, is worse than standing still...and sometimes I get the feeling that many Nashvillians want to bust off into a civic sprint without a second thought about long-term consequences...or, metaphorically speaking, with one shoe and a blindfold on.

    Let's walk wisely, and with good reason. We need to relearn a lot of basic architecture and urban design skills that previous generations threw in the garbage can, and that won't happen instantly. Rome wasn't built in a day, you know...and though we shouldn't have to wait for thousands of years, it might be thousands of years before some of our worse projects come down. Let's not regret hasty building.

  22. NewTowner,

    I agree with you 100%. I'd love to see the street that the Schermerhorn sits on looking like this. I think this sort of architecture would really suit it. It'd be great if the stadium were in the same architectural family (in the same way that Soldier Field fits in with the museums on the museum campus in Chicago). But it seems that they are going to be going for the "urban/warehouse/industrial" look. I do like modern (and Classical, and all styles in between... well.. most ....), but I think the "urban/warehouse/industrial" look is what the Gulch is doing... I don't see how it will fit in on the same street as the Symphony center. Anyways... a street like that would be AWESOME... especially if they kept the colors (love the light green on that old building), and not all limestone colored.. which gets really boring really fast... as I've said a gazilion times before... Nashville could use some color!! I also love all the trees and the great awnings, and wide sidewalks... Anyways.... can't wait to see what SoBro will look like in the coming years!!!

    Paula

    I agree with you 100% on that color!! Nashville definitely needs more color...and the awnings, trees, and wide sidewalks are all prerequisites for great streets...which Nashville needs more of, too!

    How bout we take both your legs and we will give you some mid rise density like that. :lol: Just kidding NT. I do like the look of the street. It reminds me of some of the older cities I visited when I was a kid. We have lost a lot of our older buildings and it is a shame and now it is too late for them. I agree that we do need more mid rise for density in Nashville. I am afraid that mid rise to some are one story buildings. I dont want to feel as if I am at Disney World. I would say the best bet for mid rise density would be north of DT in the Capital Mall are and on the East Bank.

    Gosh, Smeagol! That's rough. But anyway, I think one-story buildings qualify as low-rise, rather than mid-rise--and one-story buildings have to be moderately scaled and really close together on super-narrow streets (lanes, really) in order to make you feel all snug and enclosed. When that happens, they rock! As far as Disney World goes...well...it is sadly ironic, but Americans pay millions of dollars every year to go pretend they are in an embellished, human-scaled, pedestrian friendly community (and ride rollercoasters, but whatever)...exactly the sort of urban fabric we used to have before our towns and cities were demolished for mechanized "progress" (most of which never arrived, Optimus Prime) in the same decade that DisneyLand was erected. Oops! We got Punk'd!!

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